ABSTRACT
Introduction: Hypertension is an important public healthproblem both in developed and developing countries.Hypertension is known to be associated with alterations inlipid metabolism which gives rise to abnormalities in serumlipid and lipoprotein levels but the cause and effect relationshipis not known. The study was initiated with objective to assessthe lipid profile abnormalities among primary hypertensivepatients attending tertiary care center.Material and Methods: A case control study was done inoutpatient department (OPD) of General medicine, GITAMInstitute of Medical Sciences & Research, Visakhapatnamduring May to October 2019. A total of 200 study participantswere included based on inclusion & exclusion criteria, 100were primary hypertensive cases and 100 were age and gendermatched controls. After obtaining approval from InstitutionalEthics Committee and informed consent taken from all studyparticipants data was collected. Data entered in MS excelsheet and analyzed by using SPSS software.Results: Out of 200 study participants 88(44%) were femaleand 112(56%) were male. Majority of the study participantswere in the age group 50 to 70 years. The mean values of thetotal cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol,and triglycerides were significantly higher in hypertensivepatients compared to control group. The mean high densitylipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was lower among cases thancontrols. These differences were found to be statisticallysignificant.Conclusion: Dyslipidemia and hypertension in combinationincreases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke etc. Henceearly detection of dyslipidemia in hypertensive patients andaggressive treatment of both the conditions should be carriedout to prevent complications.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Despite the advancement in medicine,management of heart failure (HF), which usually presentsas a disease syndrome, has been a challenge to healthcareproviders. The study was commenced with objective tostudy the profile of patients presented with heart failure withreduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in a tertiarycare hospital.Material and Methods: It was a cross sectional hospitalbased study. Both male and female patients presented withheart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) treated indepartment of General Medicine, GITAM Institute of MedicalSciences & Research were included based on inclusion andexclusion criteria. A total of 100 consecutive patients werestudied during February to October 2019. After obtainingapproval from Institutional Ethics Committee and informedconsent taken from all study participants data was collected.Data entered in MS excel sheet and analyzed by using SPSSsoftware.Results: Among total 100 heart failure patients males were69, females were 31. The mean age of study population was56.61±13.01 years. All patients presented with shortness ofbreath of varying degree of New York Heart Association(NYHA) class. The common risk factors observed werehypertension (53%), diabetes (36%), alcohol (14%), smoking(40%). The common causes for heart failure found wereIschemic heart disease (64%), followed by non-ischemicdilated cardiomyopathy (21%) and rheumatic heart disease(15%). Majority of the study participants were receivingtreatment with diuretics (66%), statins (65%), followed bybeta blockers (25%), aldosterone antagonist (25%), ACEinhibitors (30%).Conclusions: Early detection and optimal treatment ofcommon risk factors might play role in preventing Heartfailure and thereby reducing disease burden in the country